CIS Apache Cassandra 4.1 Benchmark

Secure configuration guidelines for Apache Cassandra 4.1 NoSQL Database

v1.0.0 November 2024

Overview

▶

This CIS Benchmark provides prescriptive guidance for establishing a secure configuration posture for Apache Cassandra 4.1. Recommendations cover installation and configuration, authentication, authorization and access control, encryption, audit logging, and operational security.

~75Recommendations
6Sections
2Profile Levels
SectionAreaFocus
1InstallationService accounts, directories
2AuthenticationPassword auth, JMX
3AuthorizationRBAC, network access
4EncryptionClient TLS, inter-node TLS
5AuditLogging, SIEM forwarding
6OperationsBackups, monitoring, repair

Profile Definitions

▶
ProfileDescriptionIntended Use
L1Level 1 — StandardEssential security for all Apache Cassandra deployments; minimal performance impact.
L2Level 2 — HardenedAdvanced hardening for PCI-DSS, HIPAA, or high-security environments.

1 — Installation & Configuration

▶

1.1 Installation

▶
1.1.1 Ensure Cassandra Runs Under a Dedicated Service Account (Automated)
L1 Auto
Description

This recommendation verifies that Cassandra Runs Under a Dedicated Service Account on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to implement this control may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that Cassandra Runs Under a Dedicated Service Account:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure Cassandra Runs Under a Dedicated Service Account:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

1.1.2 Ensure Cassandra Configuration Directory Permissions Are Restricted (Automated)
L1 Auto
Description

This setting ensures that Cassandra Configuration Directory Permissions Are Restricted on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Restricting this capability limits potential abuse and enforces the principle of least privilege across the environment.

Rationale

Unrestricted access to this capability could allow unauthorized users or processes to perform actions beyond their intended scope. Applying least-privilege principles to the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database is essential for defense in depth.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that Cassandra Configuration Directory Permissions Are Restricted:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure Cassandra Configuration Directory Permissions Are Restricted:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

1.1.3 Ensure Cassandra Data Directory Permissions Are Restricted (Automated)
L1 Auto
Description

This setting ensures that Cassandra Data Directory Permissions Are Restricted on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Restricting this capability limits potential abuse and enforces the principle of least privilege across the environment.

Rationale

Unrestricted access to this capability could allow unauthorized users or processes to perform actions beyond their intended scope. Applying least-privilege principles to the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database is essential for defense in depth.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that Cassandra Data Directory Permissions Are Restricted:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure Cassandra Data Directory Permissions Are Restricted:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

1.1.4 Ensure Latest Stable Version of Cassandra Is Installed (Manual)
L1 Manual
Description

This recommendation verifies that Latest Stable Version of Cassandra Is Installed on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to implement this control may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that Latest Stable Version of Cassandra Is Installed:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure Latest Stable Version of Cassandra Is Installed:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

1.2 Cluster Configuration

▶
1.2.1 Ensure Cluster Name Is Changed from Default (Automated)
L1 Auto
Description

This recommendation verifies that Cluster Name Is Changed from Default on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to implement this control may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that Cluster Name Is Changed from Default:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure Cluster Name Is Changed from Default:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

1.2.2 Ensure listen_address Is Bound to a Specific Interface (Automated)
L1 Auto
Description

This recommendation verifies that listen_address Is Bound to a Specific Interface on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to implement this control may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that listen_address Is Bound to a Specific Interface:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure listen_address Is Bound to a Specific Interface:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

1.2.3 Ensure rpc_address Is Bound to a Specific Interface (Automated)
L1 Auto
Description

This recommendation verifies that rpc_address Is Bound to a Specific Interface on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to implement this control may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that rpc_address Is Bound to a Specific Interface:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure rpc_address Is Bound to a Specific Interface:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

1.2.4 Ensure JMX Listener Is Bound to Localhost (Automated)
L1 Auto
Description

This recommendation verifies that JMX Listener Is Bound to Localhost on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to implement this control may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that JMX Listener Is Bound to Localhost:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure JMX Listener Is Bound to Localhost:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

2 — Authentication

▶

2.1 Authentication Configuration

▶
2.1.1 Ensure PasswordAuthenticator Is Enabled (Automated)
L1 Auto
Description

This recommendation verifies that PasswordAuthenticator Is Enabled on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to properly configure this setting may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that PasswordAuthenticator Is Enabled:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure PasswordAuthenticator Is Enabled:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

2.1.2 Ensure Default cassandra Superuser Password Is Changed (Manual)
L1 Manual
Description

This recommendation verifies that Default cassandra Superuser Password Is Changed on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Using the recommended component or protocol ensures alignment with security best practices and reduces risk.

Rationale

Using an insecure or legacy component instead of the recommended approach increases the risk of compromise. Ensuring the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database uses the correct component aligns with industry best practices and standards.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that Default cassandra Superuser Password Is Changed:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure Default cassandra Superuser Password Is Changed:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

2.1.3 Ensure a Custom Superuser Account Is Created (Manual)
L1 Manual
Description

This recommendation verifies that a Custom Superuser Account Is Created on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Using the recommended component or protocol ensures alignment with security best practices and reduces risk.

Rationale

Using an insecure or legacy component instead of the recommended approach increases the risk of compromise. Ensuring the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database uses the correct component aligns with industry best practices and standards.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that a Custom Superuser Account Is Created:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure a Custom Superuser Account Is Created:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

2.1.4 Ensure Default cassandra Superuser Account Is Disabled (Automated)
L1 Auto
Description

This recommendation verifies that Default cassandra Superuser Account Is Disabled on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Disabling or removing unnecessary components reduces the attack surface and limits potential vectors for exploitation.

Rationale

Running unnecessary components on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database increases the attack surface and the risk of exploitation. Disabling or removing them follows the principle of least functionality and reduces exposure to known vulnerabilities.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that Default cassandra Superuser Account Is Disabled:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure Default cassandra Superuser Account Is Disabled:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

2.2 JMX Authentication

▶
2.2.1 Ensure JMX Authentication Is Enabled (Automated)
L1 Auto
Description

This recommendation verifies that JMX Authentication Is Enabled on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to properly configure this setting may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that JMX Authentication Is Enabled:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure JMX Authentication Is Enabled:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

2.2.2 Ensure JMX Remote Authentication Uses Strong Credentials (Manual)
L1 Manual
Description

This recommendation verifies that JMX Remote Authentication Uses Strong Credentials on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Using the recommended component or protocol ensures alignment with security best practices and reduces risk.

Rationale

Using an insecure or legacy component instead of the recommended approach increases the risk of compromise. Ensuring the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database uses the correct component aligns with industry best practices and standards.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that JMX Remote Authentication Uses Strong Credentials:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure JMX Remote Authentication Uses Strong Credentials:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

2.2.3 Ensure JMX SSL Is Enabled (Automated)
L2 Auto
Description

This recommendation verifies that JMX SSL Is Enabled on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to properly configure this setting may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that JMX SSL Is Enabled:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure JMX SSL Is Enabled:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

3 — Authorization & Access Control

▶

3.1 Authorization Configuration

▶
3.1.1 Ensure CassandraAuthorizer Is Enabled (Automated)
L1 Auto
Description

This recommendation verifies that CassandraAuthorizer Is Enabled on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to properly configure this setting may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that CassandraAuthorizer Is Enabled:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure CassandraAuthorizer Is Enabled:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

3.1.2 Ensure Role-Based Access Control Is Implemented (Manual)
L1 Manual
Description

This recommendation verifies that Role-Based Access Control Is Implemented on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to implement this control may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that Role-Based Access Control Is Implemented:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure Role-Based Access Control Is Implemented:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

3.1.3 Ensure Superuser Roles Are Minimized (Manual)
L1 Manual
Description

This setting ensures that Superuser Roles Are Minimized on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Restricting this capability limits potential abuse and enforces the principle of least privilege across the environment.

Rationale

Unrestricted access to this capability could allow unauthorized users or processes to perform actions beyond their intended scope. Applying least-privilege principles to the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database is essential for defense in depth.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that Superuser Roles Are Minimized:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure Superuser Roles Are Minimized:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

3.1.4 Ensure GRANT and REVOKE Permissions Follow Least Privilege (Manual)
L1 Manual
Description

This recommendation verifies that GRANT and REVOKE Permissions Follow Least Privilege on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to implement this control may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that GRANT and REVOKE Permissions Follow Least Privilege:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure GRANT and REVOKE Permissions Follow Least Privilege:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

3.2 Network Access Control

▶
3.2.1 Ensure Native Transport Port Is Restricted to Trusted Networks (Automated)
L1 Auto
Description

This setting ensures that Native Transport Port Is Restricted to Trusted Networks on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Restricting this capability limits potential abuse and enforces the principle of least privilege across the environment.

Rationale

Unrestricted access to this capability could allow unauthorized users or processes to perform actions beyond their intended scope. Applying least-privilege principles to the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database is essential for defense in depth.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that Native Transport Port Is Restricted to Trusted Networks:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure Native Transport Port Is Restricted to Trusted Networks:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

3.2.2 Ensure Inter-Node Communication Is Restricted (Automated)
L1 Auto
Description

This setting ensures that Inter-Node Communication Is Restricted on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Restricting this capability limits potential abuse and enforces the principle of least privilege across the environment.

Rationale

Unrestricted access to this capability could allow unauthorized users or processes to perform actions beyond their intended scope. Applying least-privilege principles to the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database is essential for defense in depth.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that Inter-Node Communication Is Restricted:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure Inter-Node Communication Is Restricted:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

3.2.3 Ensure CQL Native Transport Is Not Exposed Publicly (Automated)
L1 Auto
Description

This recommendation verifies that CQL Native Transport Is Not Exposed Publicly on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Disabling or removing unnecessary components reduces the attack surface and limits potential vectors for exploitation.

Rationale

Running unnecessary components on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database increases the attack surface and the risk of exploitation. Disabling or removing them follows the principle of least functionality and reduces exposure to known vulnerabilities.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that CQL Native Transport Is Not Exposed Publicly:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure CQL Native Transport Is Not Exposed Publicly:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

4 — Encryption

▶

4.1 Client-to-Node Encryption

▶
4.1.1 Ensure Client-to-Node TLS Is Enabled (Automated)
L1 Auto
Description

This recommendation verifies that Client-to-Node TLS Is Enabled on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to properly configure this setting may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that Client-to-Node TLS Is Enabled:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure Client-to-Node TLS Is Enabled:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

4.1.2 Ensure TLS 1.2 or Higher Is Required for Client Connections (Automated)
L1 Auto
Description

This recommendation ensures that TLS 1.2 or Higher Is Required for Client Connections on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Enforcing this requirement establishes a minimum security standard and prevents insecure configurations.

Rationale

Without this enforcement, the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database may accept insecure configurations that weaken overall security posture. Mandating this control ensures consistent protection against common attack vectors.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that TLS 1.2 or Higher Is Required for Client Connections:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure TLS 1.2 or Higher Is Required for Client Connections:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

4.1.3 Ensure Strong Cipher Suites Are Used for Client Encryption (Automated)
L1 Auto
Description

This recommendation verifies that Strong Cipher Suites Are Used for Client Encryption on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Using the recommended component or protocol ensures alignment with security best practices and reduces risk.

Rationale

Using an insecure or legacy component instead of the recommended approach increases the risk of compromise. Ensuring the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database uses the correct component aligns with industry best practices and standards.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that Strong Cipher Suites Are Used for Client Encryption:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure Strong Cipher Suites Are Used for Client Encryption:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

4.2 Inter-Node Encryption

▶
4.2.1 Ensure Inter-Node TLS Is Enabled (Automated)
L1 Auto
Description

This recommendation verifies that Inter-Node TLS Is Enabled on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to properly configure this setting may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that Inter-Node TLS Is Enabled:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure Inter-Node TLS Is Enabled:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

4.2.2 Ensure TLS 1.2 or Higher Is Required for Inter-Node Communication (Automated)
L1 Auto
Description

This recommendation ensures that TLS 1.2 or Higher Is Required for Inter-Node Communication on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Enforcing this requirement establishes a minimum security standard and prevents insecure configurations.

Rationale

Without this enforcement, the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database may accept insecure configurations that weaken overall security posture. Mandating this control ensures consistent protection against common attack vectors.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that TLS 1.2 or Higher Is Required for Inter-Node Communication:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure TLS 1.2 or Higher Is Required for Inter-Node Communication:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

4.2.3 Ensure Mutual TLS Authentication Is Configured for Inter-Node (Automated)
L2 Auto
Description

This recommendation verifies that Mutual TLS Authentication Is Configured for Inter-Node on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to properly configure this setting may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that Mutual TLS Authentication Is Configured for Inter-Node:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure Mutual TLS Authentication Is Configured for Inter-Node:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

4.2.4 Ensure Certificates Are Rotated Regularly (Manual)
L1 Manual
Description

This recommendation verifies that Certificates Are Rotated Regularly on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to implement this control may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that Certificates Are Rotated Regularly:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure Certificates Are Rotated Regularly:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

5 — Audit Logging

▶

5.1 Audit Configuration

▶
5.1.1 Ensure Audit Logging Is Enabled (Automated)
L1 Auto
Description

This recommendation verifies that Audit Logging Is Enabled on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to properly configure this setting may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that Audit Logging Is Enabled:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure Audit Logging Is Enabled:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

5.1.2 Ensure DML Audit Category Is Configured (Automated)
L2 Auto
Description

This recommendation verifies that DML Audit Category Is Configured on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to properly configure this setting may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that DML Audit Category Is Configured:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure DML Audit Category Is Configured:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

5.1.3 Ensure AUTH Audit Category Is Configured (Automated)
L1 Auto
Description

This recommendation verifies that AUTH Audit Category Is Configured on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to properly configure this setting may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that AUTH Audit Category Is Configured:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure AUTH Audit Category Is Configured:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

5.1.4 Ensure DDL Audit Category Is Configured (Automated)
L1 Auto
Description

This recommendation verifies that DDL Audit Category Is Configured on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to properly configure this setting may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that DDL Audit Category Is Configured:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure DDL Audit Category Is Configured:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

5.2 Log Management

▶
5.2.1 Ensure Audit Logs Are Written to a Dedicated Directory (Automated)
L1 Auto
Description

This recommendation verifies that Audit Logs Are Written to a Dedicated Directory on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to implement this control may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that Audit Logs Are Written to a Dedicated Directory:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure Audit Logs Are Written to a Dedicated Directory:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

5.2.2 Ensure Audit Log Rotation Is Configured (Automated)
L1 Auto
Description

This recommendation verifies that Audit Log Rotation Is Configured on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to properly configure this setting may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that Audit Log Rotation Is Configured:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure Audit Log Rotation Is Configured:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

5.2.3 Ensure Audit Logs Are Forwarded to SIEM (Automated)
L2 Auto
Description

This recommendation verifies that Audit Logs Are Forwarded to SIEM on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to implement this control may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that Audit Logs Are Forwarded to SIEM:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure Audit Logs Are Forwarded to SIEM:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

6 — Operational Security

▶

6.1 Backup & Recovery

▶
6.1.1 Ensure Snapshot Backups Are Configured (Manual)
L1 Manual
Description

This recommendation verifies that Snapshot Backups Are Configured on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to properly configure this setting may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that Snapshot Backups Are Configured:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure Snapshot Backups Are Configured:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

6.1.2 Ensure Incremental Backups Are Enabled (Automated)
L2 Auto
Description

This recommendation verifies that Incremental Backups Are Enabled on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to implement this control may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that Incremental Backups Are Enabled:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure Incremental Backups Are Enabled:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

6.1.3 Ensure Backup Data Is Encrypted (Automated)
L2 Auto
Description

This recommendation verifies that Backup Data Is Encrypted on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to implement this control may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that Backup Data Is Encrypted:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure Backup Data Is Encrypted:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

6.2 Monitoring & Maintenance

▶
6.2.1 Ensure Cassandra Metrics Are Collected via JMX or Prometheus (Automated)
L1 Auto
Description

This recommendation verifies that Cassandra Metrics Are Collected via JMX or Prometheus on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to implement this control may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that Cassandra Metrics Are Collected via JMX or Prometheus:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure Cassandra Metrics Are Collected via JMX or Prometheus:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

6.2.2 Ensure Compaction Strategy Is Reviewed (Manual)
L1 Manual
Description

This recommendation verifies that Compaction Strategy Is Reviewed on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to implement this control may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that Compaction Strategy Is Reviewed:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure Compaction Strategy Is Reviewed:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

6.2.3 Ensure Repair Operations Are Scheduled (Manual)
L1 Manual
Description

This recommendation verifies that Repair Operations Are Scheduled on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to implement this control may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that Repair Operations Are Scheduled:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure Repair Operations Are Scheduled:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.

6.2.4 Ensure Tombstone Warnings Are Monitored (Automated)
L1 Auto
Description

This recommendation verifies that Tombstone Warnings Are Monitored on the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database. Implementing this control strengthens the overall security configuration and reduces exposure to potential threats.

Rationale

Failure to implement this control may leave the Apache Cassandra NoSQL database vulnerable to attack or non-compliant with organizational security policies. This control helps establish a consistent, hardened configuration baseline.

Audit

Review the Cassandra configuration and verify that Tombstone Warnings Are Monitored:

grep -i '...' /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
nodetool status

Remediation

Edit the Cassandra configuration to ensure Tombstone Warnings Are Monitored:

vi /etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml
Restart the Cassandra service for changes to take effect.